Ship building guide with walk through

This guide is intended to show you guys my ways of building ships. It focuses more on sailing ships, but it can be applied to any type of ship, by using the general methodology of what I am trying to show here. I understand that there may be better ways to build ships out there, but I find this one the most suitable for me. This guide will be updated constantly.

This guide/tutorial will be divided into TWO parts: a guide, explaining the terms, and the most common mistakes I see in ships built in Minecraft, as well as tips on how to improve; and a walk through of a 5th Rate Frigate, where I will apply the tips given on the first part, and show you visually how I build a ship. It can be found here: Walthrough of a 5th Rate Frigate. 

With no more to say, let’s get on with the guide!

• Hull - Body of the ship.
• Keel - A central beam along which the hull of the ship is built. It also provides hydrodynamic   stability. 
• Deck - floor of a ship. 
• Stern - Rear - most part of a ship.
• Bow - Forward part of a ship.
• Port - Left side of a ship.
• Starboard - Right side of a ship.
• Buoyancy - Tendency of a ship to float in water. 
• Mast - Tall vertical beam that supports the sails.
• Spars - Horizontal beam from which the sails hang on. 
• Main mast- Tallest mast of a ship.
• Fore mast - fore- most mast of a ship.
• Mizzen mast - Third mast of a ship.  
• Rigging - System of ropes and chains used to control and support the masts.
• Sail- Any type of surface intended to move the vessel. 
• Stay sails - triangular sail attached to several ends.
• Jib - stay sail ahead of the fore mast. 
• Lateen sail - Triangular sail mounted at an angle on the mast.
• Spanker sail - gaff-headed sail, set from the aftermost lowest mast of a sailing ship.

Before building a ship, one should have a clear idea of what type of vessel it’s going to be built. Either a Galleon, Ship of the Line, Modern Cruise Liner or even a mere Jolly Boat, all has different characteristics, sizes and shapes that define what they are. Different types of ships have different hull shapes. Some of the most common ships built in Minecraft: a Galleon usually has high stern castles, but lower fore castles. A Ship of the Line has a less rounded hull compared to a Carrack or Galleon, and more of a flat top deck.

 When choosing a particular type of ship to build, one should analyze how long and wide will the shape of the hull be. I try to build most of my ships to scale, so when I build in Minecraft, I take my Steve character, and use it as a reference to get the size right. I don’t have any particular way of doing this, but visually. Thought, it is possible to take a block as a meter square, and parting from that, build the ship according to their actual size in meters.

Alright so now that you know which type of ship to build, you’ve done your research and know the dimensions, let’s get into the building details.

• Flat bottoms – If you want to build a good ship, don’t simply make it look good above the water. Make the whole thing as it adds realism and craftsmanship.

Flat Bottom

Flat Sides and Stern

• Diagonal Bow – Another common thing in many ships, a diagonal bow. The bow of a ship is one of the parts that gives the ship not only it looks, but also its attitude (metaphorically speaking). Now then if you have a bow that look bad, don’t expect the ship to look good.

Diagonal Bow

• Diagonal hulls – In some ships, I see some weird diagonal hulls. I understand that when this happens, it’s not the intention of the player to make it look like that; rather they are trying to get the rounded “U” of the ship. That’s when a good knowledge of curvatures comes handy.

Diagonal Hull

• Masts length - The most common problems I see with masts are the sizes and proportions of   their length. Do not make masts too low in proportion to the hull size. It wouldn’t be able to hold enough sails to move the ship.

 Also, do not make the fore or mizzen mast taller than the main mast. The fore and mizzen  mast usually have smaller sails and “turning” sails (spanker, mizzen, jib). So it wouldn’t help              making it larger than the main mast, which features bigger sails.

Mast disproportion

• Number of masts – When making a big and long ship, do not put 1 or 2 masts on it.     It will look disproportionate and you’d be lucky if you can get enough sails to make it move. Longer ships requires more masts.

• Masts height – When I make regular sailing ships, I usually start by making the main mast about the same length as the hull itself. Although this is not exactly true for all ships, in     common ships such as Galleons, Ships of the Line, Frigates, etc, this observation  can be used to make a proportionate looking mast. The rest of the masts will go lower than the main mast, with the Mizzen mast being the lowest.

• Spars – Make sure you space out your spars in a proportionate way. Their space and size reduces as they get taller and taller on the mast. 

• Bowsprit – Usually sailing ships include a bowsprit to rig the fore staysails and jibs, so it is a good idea to make a ship with a bowsprit.

• Crow’s Nest – adding a crow’s nest or two on the masts can make it look a lot better and realistic. You can add one on each mast. More realistic ships tend to have one above every spar.  I’d recommend that if the ship is too small, don’t and a crow’s nest. The reason is that since you are dealing with Minecraft blocks, the sizes of these can be too big in comparison to the size of the ship.

• Rigging – Rigging is the whole mess of cables and chords you see on a ship. They are used to hold the masts and sails in place. You can make these with any type of block that you want. I use fences, glass, and sometimes iron fences to simulate rigging. Again, this increases realism.

• Flat sails – Flat sails on a ship makes it look dull. Sails are usually full of wind, and very rarely the  case, no wind would be blowing at all. So why make flat looking sails? After all they look boring and pretty bad.

•  Pointy sails – Sometimes when people try to “curve” the sails, they end up doing a triangular shape, instead of a curve. Just like it happens with the “Diagonal hulls”, this may   not be intentional. But again, this doesn’t look natural, nor does it resemble the    movement of such sails. This can be modified by having a basic understanding of       curves in Minecraft.

• Equality – By this I mean same size sails. Do not make the same sized and shaped sails all over the mast. Usually sails decrease in size as they are placed higher in the masts.

• Full of wind – Most of the time you will want your ship to look as if it was actually sailing, therefore the sails have to look like they are being used. In other words, you want your sails to look like they are full of wind. Make them puff out as if the wind was hitting them. Since the sail is a flat surface, when the wind hits them, a bulge will be formed, depending on the wind direction.

Sails full of wind

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