Krampus is a horned, anthropomorphic creature with goat-like features, including large horns, a long tongue, and a menacing appearance. He is said to accompany St. Nicholas during the Christmas season, but while St. Nicholas rewards well-behaved children with gifts, Krampus has a darker role.

Krampus' Role:

• Krampus punishes naughty children, contrasting with St. Nicholas’ benevolence.
• He is often depicted carrying chains, birch rods, or a sack. The chains are symbolic of his subjugation by Christian forces, while the birch rods are used to swat misbehaving kids.
• In some stories, Krampus takes particularly naughty children away in his sack, presumably to his lair.

---

Origins of Krampus

Krampus has roots in pre-Christian pagan traditions of the Alpine regions. He likely evolved from pagan deities associated with winter and the wild, such as the Germanic horned god or spirits of the forest. His name is derived from the German word krampen, meaning “claw.”

The Catholic Church tried to suppress Krampus traditions during the Middle Ages due to their pagan roots and association with the devil. However, the figure survived, blending into Christian traditions as a companion to St. Nicholas.

---

Krampusnacht (Krampus Night)

Krampus is celebrated on the night of December 5th, known as Krampusnacht (Krampus Night). On this evening:

• Men dressed as Krampus parade through towns in Austria, Germany, and other Alpine regions, donning masks, fur costumes, and cowbells.
• These processions, called Krampuslauf (Krampus Run), involve Krampus chasing people and playfully swatting them with birch twigs.

The next day, December 6th, is Nikolaustag (St. Nicholas Day), when St. Nicholas rewards the good children.

---

Modern Celebrations

Krampus has experienced a resurgence in popularity, particularly in Europe and North America. This is partly due to his spooky aesthetic and the growing interest in darker folklore. Krampus has been featured in movies, books, and holiday events, making him an iconic figure of the holiday season for those who enjoy a touch of the macabre.