Relegated to Creative Inventory or Commands Only:

Blocks:
•Soul Campfire
•Weeping Vines
•Chorus Plant/Flower
•Eye of Ender (still generates visually in Strongholds as a part of the End Portal Frame it's attached to, but it's an entity, not a block)

Items:
•Chorus Fruit

Mobs:
•Strider
•Hoglin/Zoglin
•Piglin/Piglin Brute/Zombified Piglin
•Ghast
•Blaze
•Ravager
•Shulker
•Ender Dragon

Entities:
•End Crystal

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Removed Outright:
•Nether dimension (accessible through commands only, but you'll wish you hadn't...)
•End dimension (accessible through commands only, but you'll wish you hadn't...)
•Nether Portal (instantly smashes, leaving frame intact - it's actually pretty fun to do a few times)
•End Portal (when you create one, it vanishes instantly; barring severe lag, it never even appears)
•Some nether/end-related loot tables & recipes
•Pillager Outposts no longer generate in minecraft:desert or minecraft:snowy_tundra biomes

Some things from The Nether and The End were retained; they can be found or obtained in different ways:
•Netherrack (renamed 'Char'): found in Salamand domain (main block)
•Quartz [​Block] (renamed 'Whitestone'; pillar no longer available): found in Diakon domain (main block)
•Blackstone (chiseled variety no longer available): found in Leamonde domain (main block)
•Basalt (with new darker texture): found in Leamonde domain (surface feature)
•Ancient Debris: found in Leamonde domain (ore feature)
•Warped Fungus on a Stick: renamed/remodeled 'Windstar on a Stick'
•Elytra (renamed 'Wings to Discovery'): drop from Wind Elemental
•Blaze Powder: drop from Kindle; chests in Fire Citadels
•Blaze Rod: drop from Fire Elemental
•Ghast Tear: drop from Sacred; chests in Holy Citadels
•Magma Cream: chests in Fire Citadels

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Some recipes were changed or introduced to reflect other changes made and retain certain things:
•Ender Chest: recipe replaces Ender Eye with Ender Pearl
•Observer: recipe replaces Nether Quartz with Glowstone Dust
•Redstone Comparator: recipe replaces Nether Quartz with Glowstone Dust
•Respawn Anchor: new recipe (no Glowstone; needs 5 Crying Obsidian, 2 Hallow, and 2 Murk)
•Nether Wart: new recipe (craft 6 from 8 Spider Eye + Slime Ball)
•Dragon's Breath: new recipe (craft 1 from Potion + Rotten Flesh + Cod + Egg)
•Soul Torch: new recipe (craft 1 from Torch + Diamond)
•Shulker Box: new recipe (craft 1 from 1 Ender Chest + 2 Scute + 2 Ender Pearl)
•Glowstone Dust: new recipe (smelted from Illumine)

There are eight similar new Shrine structures that each naturally generate in one of the Vanilla biomes (check the lower-right corner of the below images for specifics). Each Shrine has a Domain Gate at its center that will take you to the corresponding elemental domain. Each domain has a Home Shrine to return you to Overworld.

With regards to teleportation: The first time you visit an elemental domain via the gate in its Shrine, you'll emerge at 0,0 with an Obsidian Platform (just like in vanilla End). This is because you've never visited the domain before.... From that point forward, you'll always be returned to the Shrine you arrived from when you enter a Gate.

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Each of these dimensions features a unique set of biomes, mobs, structures, and everything else - all geared toward a particular element. The ninth (Ultima) domain is essentially just the setting for the final boss encounter with Ultimus, and the tenth is the mysterious X-Zone (this is literally just a place you're sent to die if you have the gall to execute a command to visit The Nether or The End).

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Salamand, Fire Domain:

A flat, scorched dimension with the occasional lava ocean and a surface covered with fire and ashes. Redstone Blocks can be found deep under the ground – which may be the only 'safe' place here.

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Leshach, Ice Domain:

A cavernous dimension made mostly of solid ice; there is more ice here than air. Diamonds can be found frozen in blocks of ice deep within the realm, and are just waiting to be extracted.

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Mardu, Lightning Domain:

A scary place with a pulsating landscape, where one can't ignore the lightning constantly striking the Arc Conduit structures. Electrum Ore can be mined underground, which is an excellent source of Gold.

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Gnoma, Earth Domain:

A mystic and surreal environment awaits in this dimension. The surface is almost completely covered in Moss, and you'll occasionally find patches of Lifeseed, which Emeralds can be rarely mined from.

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Undin, Water Domain:

A totally submerged dimension, teeming with color and life. Water breathing is natural here, so no worry about the side-effects of such a place. Lapis Lazuli Blocks can be mined deep under the Azul surface, beneath all that water.

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Sylphi, Wind Domain:

A beautifully dangerous Floating Islands dimension with some strange floating plant life.... You'll find Moonstone Ore underground here, which can be mined for Moonstones.

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Diakon, Holy Domain:

This bright white dimension is a great place to recuperate, as entering its waters will cause near instant regeneration. Opaline Ore can be mined deep under the Hallow surface to obtain Opals.

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Leamonde, Dark Domain

This dimension is literally the darkest place I've ever seen in Minecraft - I'm absolutely pleased with the level of darkness I've been able to achieve. It's a huge, cavernous realm with massive columns reaching from the bottom to the top – in a manner similar to the arrangement of End Islands in The End. Ancient Debris can be mined as an ore feature deep underground. Touching the waters will poison you immediately, so be very careful here!

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X-Zone

Without using commands, The Nether, The End, and this place (X-Zone) aren't accessible. If one uses commands to get to The Nether or The End, they'll be instantly sent to X-Zone. Upon arriving in X-Zone, one sees see the above message and dies in about 4-5 seconds.

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Ultima, Final Domain

This image clearly shows how difficult it is to even try to get close to Ultimus, let alone attack it.... You'll need to collect all 8 Halcyons and visit a Sanctum to gain access to this place. See the Sanctum section below for more info.

Rarely in each elemental domain, you'll find a Citadel structure. Each has seven floors/rooms, multiple chests, and mobs to guard them.

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Fire Citadel:

Found in the middle of lava oceans, these tall magma structures are guarded by Inferno, a more powerful variant of Salamand Entite. Magma Cubes can also be found here.

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Ice Citadel:
Shown here from Spectator mode, these large icy structures are guarded by Coldheart, a more powerful variant of Leshach Entite. Strays can also be found here.

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Lightning Citadel:
Inverted and oddly-shapen, these obsidian structures are guarded by Conductor, a more powerful variant of Mardu Entite. Vindicators can also be found here.

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Earth Citadel:

These strange spiral structures sport their wares on the outside, and are guarded by Protogast, a more powerful variant of Gnoma Entite. Husks can also be found here.

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Water Citadel:

These submerged, graceful bone structures are guarded by Hydramir, a more powerful variant of Undin Entite. Pillagers can also be found here.

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Wind Citadel:

These spindly, elegant structures barely cling to the hillside, and are guarded by Gale, a more powerful variant of Sylphi Entite. Skeletons can also be found here.

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Holy Citadel:

These light, floating quartz structures are guarded by Luxollid, a more powerful variant of Diakon Entite. Evokers can also be found here.

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Dark Citadel:

These dark, menacing structures are guarded by Vagrant Soul, a more powerful variant of Leamonde Entite. Wither Skeletons can also be found here.

With the addition of Gemsteel comes new equipment! You can upgrade your Netherite equipment (Sword, Helmet, Chestplate, Leggings, and Boots) to Gemsteel versions at your Smithing Table with Gemsteel Ingots in the same way you upgraded your Diamond equipment to Netherite.

Note: When you forge Gemsteel equipment on a Smithing Table, it will appear as though you've just made a Knowledge Book. Once you click on the book however, you'll receive what you forged.

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While they can be difficult to find, seeking out a Sanctum should be a top priority. These structures generate deep under the rock in all mountainous biomes in Overworld (Mountains, Wooded Mountains, Gravelly Mountains, Gravelly Mountains+, Taiga Mountains, Snowy Taiga Mountains); they represent a staging area for your travels and an excellent bonus.



Once you find the entrance, descend down the water elevator to the main hall to find four very useful rooms:
•the Chambers have a Bed, an Ender Chest, and two Armor Stands
•the Workshop has a large number of tools and job site blocks for your every need
•the Gallery has Chests, Cauldrons, and empty Item Frames; it provides a Respawn Anchor for each domain, a Diamond Pickaxe to reclaim them, and four Potions of Healing
•the Chapel has eight empty Item Frames; when each is filled with the appropriate Halcyon, a portal is created to Ultima, the Final Domain (the concrete backing blocks are color-coded to help; the proper order, clockwise from top-left is: Salamand, Leshach, Mardu, Gnoma, Undin, Sylphi, Diakon, Leamonde)

I don't want to spoil too much, but here's a peek at Ultimus, the final boss...



Being fully decked in Gemsteel gear with a Ribbon is gonna be essential here. Don't worry... if you die with this pack, you'll respawn as normal, but you won't lose anything.