1. Wood, logs, cobblestone, stone brick, stone, stone slabs, wooden slabs, glowstone, torches, glass, fence, wooden stairs, stone stairs, stone brick stairs, obsidian, etc.
2. No, of course not. As long as you bring enderpearls and water buckets, getting out of lava is an easy task.
3. There's no such thing as "hugging" in Minecraft.
4. No, breaking is only possible in creative mode.
5. Yes, most of the time.
6. Yes. There may be no interiors, but it's still very possible.
7. Nope.
8. Used /spawn
9. Mod can be defined as a modification for the Minecraft game or an entity (usually a player) that has rights/permissions to moderate a server.
10. Nope.
Finally.