The Palace of the Soviets (Russian: Дворец Советов, Dvorets Sovetov) was a project to construct a political convention center in Moscow on the site of the demolished Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The main function of the palace was to house sessions of the Supreme Soviet in its 130-metre (430 ft) wide and 100-metre (330 ft) tall grand hall seating over 20,000 people. If built, the 416-metre (1,365 ft) tall palace would have become the world's tallest structure, with an internal volume surpassing the combined volumes of the six tallest American skyscrapers.^[​10]

Boris Iofan won a series of four architectural competitions held in 1931–1933 marking the beginning of a sharp turn of Soviet architecture from 1920s modernism to the monumental historicism of Stalinist architecture. The individuals behind these events and their motives remain a matter of conjecture and debate. Recent research supports the hypothesis that Iofan had been the chosen architect from the very start and manipulated the competitions to his own benefit.

The definitive design by Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Helfreich was conceived in 1933–1934 and took its final shape in 1937. The staggered stack of ribbed cylinders crowned with a 100-metre (330 ft) statue of Vladimir Lenin blended Art Deco and neoclassical influences with contemporary American skyscraper technology. Work on the site commenced in 1933; the foundation was completed in January 1939. The German invasion in June 1941 ended the project. Engineers and workers were diverted to defense projects or pressed in the army; the installed structural steel was disassembled in 1942 for fortifications and bridges.

After World War II, Joseph Stalin lost interest in the palace. Iofan produced several revised, scaled-down designs but failed to reanimate the project. The alternative Palace of the Soviets in Sparrow Hills, which was proposed after Stalin's death, did not proceed beyond the architectural competition stage.

苏维埃宫（俄文 дворец советов 、英文 Palace of Soviets）是前苏联规划在首都莫斯科建造的超高层建筑，囊括基督救世主大教堂及其周边地区。高达415米，超过当时世界上所有建筑，仅顶部列宁像就有75米高。1924年春，政府委员会建议在大教堂地址上建造苏维埃宫。但由于处在困难时期，计划搁浅。1931年6月，前苏联政治局接受建筑学会再次提出建造苏维埃宫的建议。计划把大教堂所在广场改造成比红场更大的广场，在广场上建起苏维埃宫，随即展开了苏维埃宫设计方案的竞赛工作。苏维埃宫殿设计方案的征集是面向全世界的。在400多个各国设计者的方案中，前苏联建筑师约樊高中榜首。同时政府就把基督救世主大教堂炸毁，预留下空地。但经过多年的方案设计与修订，始终未能建成。