This is a small space station, or habitable artificial satellite. It orbits the earth at a low-Earth orbit (LEO), and it's used for performing studies in microgravity and in vacuum environments, for maintenance on other satellites, and as staging for missions farther out in space. The capsule seen in the last picture can be found here.

-I estimate its mass to be about 150,000 kg.
-The total surface area of the 16 solar arrays is 640 m^2.
-It is 42 m long and 41 m wide.