BASICS
An item can be enchanted by first right-clicking on the Enchanting Table, which will display a GUI with one item slot. Upon placing the item in the item slot, three randomized options will appear on the right of the GUI. Only enchantments with a required level less than or equal to the player's can be selected. Each option will imbue the item with a randomized set of enchantments which are dependent on the number of experience levels spent. The text on the three options of the enchanting GUI is meaningless, but the level number influences the amount, type, and level of enchantments gained on the item, with a higher experience level resulting in more enchantments and more potent forms of said enchantments.

WHAT THEY DO
Yo people how are you doing. I figured i best make a list of all enchantments and there effects.

For sword:
Bane Of Arthropods : Does more damage to spiders Looting : Gives you more Of the item Sharpness : More chance of crits Fire Aspect : Sets enemy on fire with a hit Knock back : Throws the enemy backwards Smite : extra damage to the undead

For shovel Efficiency : Makes it faster digging Unbreaking : More durability to the tool Fortune : Drops more of the block when in use

For axe Efficiency
: Makes it faster Unbreaking : More durability to the tool Fortune : Drops extra blocks when in use

For Pickaxe
Efficiency : Makes it faster digging Un breaking the item lasts for longer then the usual wait

For bow
Power- Extra damage Punch- knock back effect Flame- sets an arrow on fire Infinity- Gives unlimited shots with a single arrow (The bow still loses durability).

Standard graphical alphabet
The enchantments are written in the Standard Galactic Alphabet which is a simple alphabet substitution cipher used in the Commander Keen series of computer games. Enchantment names are randomly constructed from the following list of words. Three to five words are chosen from the list and appended to each other, then displayed in the Standard Galactic Alphabet. Note that the names have no meaning and are not saved on the enchanted item (meaning they will tell you nothing about what the resulting spell will be), and they are only displayed in the Enchantment Table interface. The following list of words contain all the possible enchantment words after deciphering. the elder scrolls klaatu berata niktu xyzzy bless curse light darkness fire air earth water hot dry cold wet ignite snuff embiggen twist shorten stretch fiddle destroy imbue galvanize enchant free limited range of towards inside sphere cube self other ball mental physical grow shrink demon elemental spirit animal creature beast humanoid undead fresh stale

History
Notch first tweeted about the Enchantment Table on September 30th, 2011.[2] Enchanting was added to the game in 1.9 pre-release 2. Enchanting did not require bookshelves to get maximum enchantments. Many enchantments were not yet in the game. Enchantments were and continue to be labeled in the enchanting table as random words written in the Standard Galactic Alphabet. In 1.1, four bow enchantments (Power, Flame, Punch and Infinity) were added to the game. As of snapshot 12w05a, enchanting no longer requires experience in creative mode. As of snapshot 12w06a, Golden Swords and Bows have a small chance of being already enchanted when dropped by their respective mobs. As of snapshot 12w17a, Ice and Glass Panes can again be collected with a Silk Touch-enchanted tool. As of snapshot 12w22a, the maximum enchantment power was lowered from 50 to 30 and the experience is collectable with mining and cooking in furnace. As of snapshot 12w23a, enchanted tools and armor are now visible on multiplayer.

Bugs
In multiplayer, items that cannot normally be enchanted will not appear as enchanted when they are, however they still work as enchanted. In singleplayer and multiplayer, hitting an Enderman with an arrow from a Flame enchanted bow will set the Enderman on fire even though it does not take damage from the arrow itself. If you quit after enchanting an item, but before taking it off the enchantment table, you may lose the item. In multiplayer, leaves obtained with a silk touch enchanted tool will appear singularly and will not stack in your inventory. In SMP, if you hit a player with a sword enchanted with fire aspect, the player will be set on fire even if the pvp on the server is disabled.

Did this help or interest you? Diamond and sub!