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The ZIL-131 is a general purpose 3.5 tonne 6x6 army truck designed in the Soviet Union by ZIL. The basic model being a general cargo truck.[1] Variants include a tractor-trailer truck, a dump truck, a fuel truck, and a 6x6 for towing a 4-wheeled powered trailer.
The ZIL-131 was introduced in 1966; it is a military version of the ZIL-130, and the two trucks share many components. The ZIL-131 6x6 has the same equipment as the GAZ-66 and Ural-375D.
The ZIL-130/131 was in production at the AMUR truck plant (ZIL-130 as the AMUR-531350 and ZIL-131 as the AMUR-531340), with both gasoline and diesel engines, from 1987 until 2012 when AMUR shut down and filed for bankruptcy.[2]
The S-75 (Russian: С-75; NATO reporting name SA-2 Guideline) is a Soviet-designed, high-altitude air defence system, built around a surface-to-air missile with command guidance.
Following its first deployment in 1957 it became one of the most widely
deployed air defence systems in history. It scored the first
destruction of an enemy aircraft by a surface-to-air missile, with the
shooting down of a Taiwanese Martin RB-57D Canberra over China on 7 October 1959 that was hit by a salvo of three V-750 (1D) missiles at an altitude of 20 km (65,600 ft).[3] This success was credited to Chinese fighter aircraft at the time to keep the S-75 program secret.[4]
This system first gained international fame when an S-75 battery,
using the newer, longer-range, higher-altitude V-750VN (13D) missile
was deployed in the 1960 U-2 incident, when it shot down the U-2 of Francis Gary Powers overflying the Soviet Union on May 1, 1960.[5] The system was also deployed in Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, when it shot down another U-2 (piloted by Rudolf Anderson) overflying Cuba on October 27, 1962, almost precipitating a nuclear war.[6] North Vietnamese forces used the S-75 extensively during the Vietnam War to successfully defend Hanoi and Haiphong against US bombing. It was produced in the People's Republic of China
under the names HQ-1 (under licence) and HQ-2 (modified, named
FT-2000A). Egyptian engineers produced a reverse-engineered S-75 with
the name Tayir-as-Sabah.[
The ZIL-131 was introduced in 1966; it is a military version of the ZIL-130, and the two trucks share many components. The ZIL-131 6x6 has the same equipment as the GAZ-66 and Ural-375D.
The ZIL-130/131 was in production at the AMUR truck plant (ZIL-130 as the AMUR-531350 and ZIL-131 as the AMUR-531340), with both gasoline and diesel engines, from 1987 until 2012 when AMUR shut down and filed for bankruptcy.[2]
The S-75 (Russian: С-75; NATO reporting name SA-2 Guideline) is a Soviet-designed, high-altitude air defence system, built around a surface-to-air missile with command guidance.
Following its first deployment in 1957 it became one of the most widely
deployed air defence systems in history. It scored the first
destruction of an enemy aircraft by a surface-to-air missile, with the
shooting down of a Taiwanese Martin RB-57D Canberra over China on 7 October 1959 that was hit by a salvo of three V-750 (1D) missiles at an altitude of 20 km (65,600 ft).[3] This success was credited to Chinese fighter aircraft at the time to keep the S-75 program secret.[4]
This system first gained international fame when an S-75 battery,
using the newer, longer-range, higher-altitude V-750VN (13D) missile
was deployed in the 1960 U-2 incident, when it shot down the U-2 of Francis Gary Powers overflying the Soviet Union on May 1, 1960.[5] The system was also deployed in Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, when it shot down another U-2 (piloted by Rudolf Anderson) overflying Cuba on October 27, 1962, almost precipitating a nuclear war.[6] North Vietnamese forces used the S-75 extensively during the Vietnam War to successfully defend Hanoi and Haiphong against US bombing. It was produced in the People's Republic of China
under the names HQ-1 (under licence) and HQ-2 (modified, named
FT-2000A). Egyptian engineers produced a reverse-engineered S-75 with
the name Tayir-as-Sabah.[
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