The topic is relevant today since the problem is common. The only thing I would like to add to the above tips from users of the forum is that this problem could be avoided and not be bothered by the long recovery of a lost database, but just make a backup copy of yourself USB-dongle like here https://lostdongle.com/devices/wibu-key-emulator/ from which it would be easy to transfer your data to any hard drive. Next time, think ahead.

You cant sadly in Java, the closest you can get is SEUS PTGI or Continuum RT. Both of these aren't they same as the use path tracing but is a close as you are going to get in java at the moment :)

You aren't able to get the official RTX like in the windows 10 edition of the game, but for java edition, you can get the Optifine mod, which enables the use of shaders, and get SEUS PTGI or Continuum RT. Both of these shaders are ray tracing shaders, but they cost money. If you don't mind not having ray traced shaders, there are many other options out there that look nice as well.

You don't. Java Edition is not part of the RTX beta (unless you use shader mods which aren't quite the same thing). If you want to try out the RTX beta, you'll have to use the Windows 10 Edition of Minecraft and have an RTX 2060 GPU or better.

hei come on