While the max output of your processor is competitive by today's standards, it only counts if it's both unlocked and overclocked (Which I'm guessing it isn't, due to that being a rather complex process.) Right now there are some decent options that don't require OCing in the AMD FX processors. I have the 8320, which I got on sale for $120.00 USD. You may need to upgrade a few other things to support that, like the motherboard and perhaps your power supply depending on its wattage. You're RAM should be fine unless you're planning on doing more advanced tasks, and your video card looks okay if you are okay with newer games running on minimum settings. The trouble with video cards these days is while the cheaper ones offer greater price to performance (more bang for your buck), you would need to really drop dollars to get a significant upgrade. Something like the Nvidia GTX 770 would be a good step up, (Retail is about $150 USD right now) but it would be limited overall by your processor.
Another option, while I don't know what your storage solution is right now, would be adding an SSD to your current setup. That would improve performance in and out of games, reducing overall startup times to less that one minute, which can be a significant upgrade.
If you have any more questions, let me know.
DY