In the place of the current church, in the 17th century, a small church of the Holy Cross was built by the Jesuits. In the 18th century, the church of St. Andrew was built in its place. Next to it, a complex of nun's buildings was built. In 1819, the temple was rebuilt by Christian Piotr Aigner.

During the Warsaw Uprising, an insurgent hospital was organized in the church. After the war, masses were held in the damaged building until 1953, when the authorities decided to demolish the temple. A block of flats was built partly in its place. The church was rebuilt in 1999 as an element of the northern frontage of Theatre Square, reconstructed in the second half of the 1990s.