Additions

Weapons

• New arrows, based on potion types, plus Spectral Arrows that create a glowing outline around the target.
  
• Axes do more damage, but swing slower.
  
• Weapon damage is now dependent on an attack strength bar that is depleted when you swing, and regenerates over time. The more the bar is filled, the more damage you will do.
  
• Added Shields, which block attacks when you right click. Axes have a chance of disabling the shield for 5 seconds.
  
• Golden apples, armor, and some enchantments have been re balanced.
  
• New "sweep attack" when attacking with a sword while crouching or standing. It can knockback multiple enemies at once.
  
• Dual wielding. If you put an item in the offhand slot you can use it by right clicking, and typing f switches the mainhand and offhand items.
  
• Mobs now give off particles when hit that show how much damage was done to them.
  
• Lingering Potions. They are thrown like splash potions, but creates a cloud that causes anyone who walks through it to be affected.
  
• Beetroot, and seeds and soup for it.
  
• End Crystals that can be used to re summon the Enderdragon.
  

Structures

• New Igloo structure in Snow Plains.
  
• New End City and End Ship structures in the Outer End.
  
• Chorus Plant Trees.
  
• Now up to 128 strongholds generate per world.
  
• End Gates that spawn after killing the Ender Dragon. You must use an Ender Pearl to go through it.
  
• The Inner End is now more like the Console Edition.
  

Items And Blocks

• Elytra, which are wings that can be used to glide.
  
• Purpur blocks in the End.
  
• Frosted Ice.
  
• Grass Path, created by right clicking a grass block with a shovel.
  
• End Rods in the End.
  
• Dragon Heads in the End.
  
• New Structure Blocks that are used by developers and only placed using /setblock
  

Mobs

• Shulker mobs in End Cities.
  

• +You can go into options and select skin customization and there will be a button in there that allow you to switch between your dominant hand
  
  
• +Animations Improved
  
• -Removed Herobrine
  
• -Super secret settings is now gone
  
• +More commands
  
• +Allows you to shear a snowmans head like in pocket edition
  
• +Allows multiple boss health bars
  
• -Wait an awful long cooldown each time you swing your sword, pickaxe, spade [Shovel], and axe
  
• +Added paths
  
• +Weild two items at once in your hands
  
• +Added different coloured command blocks due to each command put into it