1. Silver Fir (Abies alba)
A tall mountain-dwelling conifer. Known for its thick resin and pale trunk.
2. Alder (Alnus glutinosa)
Alder grows as a pioneer species in disturbed habitats, and in wet environments like swamps and riversides. Alder bark was used historically as a medicine, and alder lumber was used to build the underwater foundation of Venice.
3. Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo)
Italy's national tree, as it bears the Italian red, green, and white. It bears edible fruits, which confusingly are definitely not strawberries.
4. Iberian White Birch (Betula celtiberica)
A birch native to Spain.
5. Silver Birch (Betula pendula)
A birch with a wide distribution across northern and high-altitude Eurasia and hanging branches. In Europe it grows nearly everywhere but the coastal Mediterranean, Black Sea coast, Pannonian Basin, and far-northern Scandinavia.
6. Downy Birch (Betula pubescens)
The northernmost deciduous tree of Europe; a small, shrubby birch. Distinguished from Silver Birch as its branches don't hang downwards.
7. Hazel (Corylus avellana)
A shrub or small tree from which hazelnuts are gathered. Nutella, anyone?
8. Mediterranean Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
A conical conifer. Found across the Mediterranean into Iran.
9. European Beech (Fagus sylvatica)
Beech trees grow across much of western and central Europe into the Balkans. These very tall trees yield timber ideal for furniture and paper manufacturing, as well as firewood.
10. Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
A mid-sized tree commonly used for lumber, which is very tough and slightly orange-colored. The "world tree" of Yggdrasil in Norse mythology was an ash tree.
11. English Walnut (Juglans regia)
Walnut trees aren't just for their edible nuts; they also yield a rich, dark lumber as well. But the nuts are good to eat, so why bother cutting it?
12. European Larch (Larix decidua)
A deciduous conifer of the central European mountains.
13. Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis)
A broad-leafed evergreen; its leaves are used as a seasoning, and laurel wreaths are symbols of triumph and victory, associated with the Greek god Apollo.
14. Olive Tree (Olea europea)
The Mediterranean tree from which olives are grown.
15. Norway Spruce (Picea abies)
One of the most recognizable spruces, and a favored Christmas tree. Natively found in Scandinavia and the Baltic states as well as the Alps and Carpathian mountains, but introduced to most of western Europe by humans.
16. Serbian Spruce (Picea omorika)
A very skinny spruce tree with a limited natural range, only in a few mountains on the border of Serbia and Bosnia. Its species name "omorika" is the Serbian name for the tree.
17. Swiss Pine (Pinus cembra)
A pine tree native to the Alpine and Carpathian mountains. Closely related to, if not synonymous with, the Siberian pine Pinus sibirica
18. Dwarf Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo)
A small shrubby pine native to the Alps, Carpathians, and Balkans. It's also used in bonsai due to its small size.
19. Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)
A pine with orange-red wood; it has a wide distribution across central & eastern Europe, Scandinavia, and into Siberia, with small populations in Turkey, Iberia, Britain, and the Balkans.
20. Eurasian Aspen (Populus tremula)
Not to be confused with the American species, Populus tremuloides, as both are sometimes called "quaking aspen". Native to much of northern and high-altitude Eurasia
21. Kermes Oak (Quercus coccifera)
A shrubby oak of the Mediterranean. It is fed on by an insect that was used by the Romans to make crimson dye. Cochineal, as they called it, eventually became part of this oak's species epithet.
22. Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur)
One of Europe's largest and most widely distributed broadleaf trees.
23. Cork Oak (Quercus suber)
The oak species from which a majority of the world's cork is produced. Nearly half of this comes from Portugal alone.
24. White Willow (Salix alba)
A swamp-dwelling tree with glaucous white leaves; willows are often used in traditional medicine, as they are sources of salicylic acid. Their wood isn't best for lumber, but their twigs are commonly used to weave baskets.
25. Għargħar (Tetraclinis articulata)
This conifer grows along the coast of north Africa and in Malta, where it is the national tree.
26. Small-leaved Linden (Tilia cordata)
Lindens are often used to line streets in Europe. As well as being common ornamentals, they're also typical of old-growth forests in Britain.
27. Scots Elm (Ulmus glabra)
A tree that naturally grows in highland areas with rich, deep soil. Prized for its lumber. It is cultivated across nearly all of sub-Arctic Europe.
28. Wayfaring Tree (Viburnum lantana)
A large shrub with white flowers; viburnums are usually used to make hedges in gardens. It also produces fruits; however, these are toxic to humans.
29. Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)
Built in honor of the famous Sycamore Gap tree that used to sit at the gap in Hadrian's Wall in the UK.
30. Lombardy Poplar (Populus nigra var. italica)
A commonly grown cultivar of the Black Poplar, a tall and skinny tree native to western Eurasia.